Research Paper on Teen Pregnancy

High school Pregnancy: Who's To Blame? In the course of recent years, high school pregnancy has heightened about 10%. As the years pass, more faults for youngster pregnancy come up. The initial scarcely any years that adolescent pregnancy turned into an issue, the individuals accused the young lady that got pregnant. At that point as it advanced more awful and more terrible, the accuse highlighted the dad of the unborn kid. At the point when the film â€Å"June' turned out in around 2009 that got fault. At that point came â€Å"16 and pregnant† and â€Å"Teen Mom†.Hollywood began clamoring youngster pregnancy basically saying its alright to be a teenager mother since you can become munitions. This made the young ladies of the U. S think â€Å"Maybe since these young ladies are getting popular for being a youngster mother perhaps I can too†. At that point there's the no sex training in the schools. Schools nowadays feel that all youngsters think about sex so why educate it? Young pregnancies are 100% preventable. Adolescents should settle on the correct choice and pick restraint. In the event that they decide to have pre-marriage sex, at that point they should avoid potential risk to forestall pregnancies.Media and society assumes a gigantic job in high schooler pregnancy. â€Å"16 and pregnant† is a show that advances pregnant young ladies. It shows their battles in life as a pregnant adolescent, how they attempt to manage the Judgment of their companions, attempting to experience school, having the child, and attempting to be a young person. Another fault for teenager pregnancy is peer pressure. Companions getting pregnant and beaus are the primary friend pressure young ladies get. At the point when a companion gets pregnant a few young ladies get Jealous of the consideration their companion is getting so they proceed to get pregnant so they can have the consideration too.Then there's the sweetheart factor; most high school young m en are explicitly dynamic and proceed with that route with all the young ladies he kid interacts with. Most folks think â€Å"Oh well since every one of these young ladies she spends time with are doing it I'll drive her into doing it with me†, or they'll pull the â€Å"if you love me† card. As a high school young lady there are numerous things experiencing your brain when a kid likes you and needs to have relations with you. You consider on the off chance that he truly adores you, on the off chance that he'll leave you on the off chance that you don't do it, and so forth. Cost high school young ladies that become pregnant will disclose to you miss, I got pregnant to keep up a steady relationship with my boyfriend†. There are likewise numerous schools that don't offer sex instruction. Most schools as of now have a high number of young pregnancies so they don't think they need it on the grounds that the greater part of the children there are as of now explicitly d ynamic. The other portion of schools that do offer sex instruction, don't have any children that pursue the class. In 2009-12 there are more youngsters out there that are explicitly dynamic then there ever has before.Sex training is where children find out about sex and how to play it safe to look after wellbeing. A living domain is likewise to fault. On the off chance that an adolescent young lady lives in a not all that great piece of town and her mom was additionally a teenager mother, that young lady may turn into a high schooler mother. Truly, a young lady may not turn into a teenager mother in those living situations, however they additionally can come in contact other terrible impacts. Most young ladies that are pregnant, or potentially have had intercourse expressed that they were either inebriated or affected by unlawful drugs.Parent's are likewise a fault for high school pregnancies. At the point when parent doesn't have educate the youngster regarding sex or having babies , it harms the kid over the long haul since when contraceptives. Additionally, when a parent drills into their children's heads â€Å"don't engage in sexual relations or respite be tramp† â€Å"don't get pregnant or I'll show you out and you'll be homeless†, and attempt to limit the child from dating, conversing with, spending time with, or any kind of contact with the other gender will make the kid defy their parent's subsequently having intercourse and getting pregnant.In 2009, 1 of multi year olds have had intercourse, 2. 4% of multi year olds, despite the fact that pregnancy at these ages is uncommon, sexual movement is bound to be in the teenagers. 5. 4% of multi year olds, 11% of multi year olds, 20% of multi year olds, 33% of multi year olds, the greater part of the youngsters 17 to 19 said that they were explicitly dynamic UT 25% said they have not until the age of 20 (Gale, 2007). The normal age of an adolescent having pre-marriage sex is 16. 4 years in Caucas ians and 15. 5 years in African Americans (Talk of the Nation, 2008).It is assessed that 19% of adolescent young ladies who get pregnant decide on fetus removal, with about 52% of ladies more youthful than 25 years of age getting premature births. Of the young ladies who conceive an offspring, most choose to keep their infants. Somewhere in the range of 1982 and 1988, just 3% of Caucasian young ladies surrendered level infants for appropriation, contrasted with the 19% somewhere in the range of 1965 and 1972. That figure is much littler for African American arils. These figures despite everything hold commonly reality now days (World of wellbeing, 2007). Not exclusively does pre-marriage sex without contraceptives lead to pregnancy it additionally prompts Studs that can prompt lasting infection and even death.Teenage moms are at more danger of medical issues than grown-up moms. They are increasingly open to dieses, for example, tootsie, sickliness, and upperclassman. The main prophy lactic utilized by young people is conception prevention. It is 100% successful whenever taken the correct way. The star side of teenager pregnancy is that you get the opportunity to have an infant and that is about it. The con side of teenager regime is that you are a youngster your self and you are in your adolescents you are assume to have a great time and live life.Teen pregnancy is turning into a scourge and it needs to stop in light of the fact that the fetus removal rate is soaring, babies are in effect forgotten about in the downpour with no parental direction. Truly, there are a few adolescents out there that are extraordinary parent's nevertheless they are thin. With regards to having kids, youngsters can't raise them since they are kids themselves. On the off chance that young people think they are sufficiently developed to have pre-marriage sex, at that point they should settle on the develop choice to forestall pregnancies.

Memory and the Quest for Family History in One Hundred Years of Solitud

Memory and the Quest for Family History in One Hundred Years of Solitude and Song of Solomon Pierre Nora recommends that the journey for memory is the quest for one's history (289). In their endeavor to remake the mutual accounts of their kin, Toni Morrison and Gabriel Garcã ­a Mã ¡rquez depend intensely on the utilization of memory as a way to change the historical backdrop of those persecuted in view of race, class or potentially sex in this present reality where historiography has been overwhelmed by the white man. Memory is firmly identified with the recovery of character and history - both individual and group. Both memory and history rule Cien Aã ±os de Soledad (One Hundred Years of Solitude) from the earliest starting point, where the character Aureliano Buendã ­a is presented through his own memories: Muchos aã ±os despuã ©s, frente al pelotã ³n de fusilamiento, el coronel Aureliano Buendã ­a habã ­a de recordar aquella tarde remota en que su padre lo llevã ³ a conocer el hielo (9)/Numerous years after the fact, as he confronted the terminating crew, Colone l Aureliano Buendã ­a was to recall that far off evening when his dad took him to find ice (9). Like Garcã ­a Mã ¡rquez, Toni Morrison claims memory - just as creative mind - as a basic piece of the story demonstration: The demonstration of creative mind is bound up with memory. You know, they fixed the Mississippi River in places, to account for houses and bearable real esatate. Periodically the stream floods these spots. 'Floods' is the word they use, however in truth it isn't flooding; it is recalling. Recalling where it used to be. All water has an ideal memory and is everlastingly attempting to return to where it was. Scholars are that way: Remembering where we were, what valley we went through, what the banks resembled, the light... ...tive Literature Courses. Approaches to Teaching Garcã ­a Mã ¡rquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude. Marã ­a Elena de Valdã ©s and Mario J. Valdã ©s. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1990. 21-32. Parkinson Zamora, Lois. The Usable Past: The Idea of History in Modern U.S. what's more, Latin American Fiction. Do the Americas Have a Basic Literature? Ed. Gustavo Pã ©rez Firmat. Durham: Duke UP, 1990. 7-41. Penetrate, Robert N. Certainty or Fiction?: The Developmental Journalism of Gabriel Garcã ­a Mã ¡rquez. Journal of Popular Culture 22.1 (1988): 63-71. Ricci Della Grisa, Graciela N. Realismo Mã ¡gico y Conciencia Mã ­tica en Amã ©rica Latina. Buenos Aires: Fernando Garcã ­a Cambeiro, 1985. Strouse, Jean. Toni Morrison's Black Magic. Newsweek (30 March 1981): 52-57. Watkins, Mel. Meeting with Toni Morrison. New York Times Book Review (11 September 1977): 50.

Social Work Direct Practice Skills Example

Social Work Direct Practice Skills Example Social Work Direct Practice Skills â€" Assignment Example > Summary of the recordingThe summary recoding process will try to summarize all the activities that were undertaken during the whole interview session. In order to incorporate all the thoughts and feelings that are presented in the interview, then the summary recording process will be adopted. The summary recording focuses on four major parts namely the subjective, objective, assessment and finally the plan and it is for this reason that it has gain the acronym of SOAP. It was developed and first adopted in the 1960s by several health professionals since it helps to provide a snapshot of the whole session. The subjective part of the summary focuses on the gathering of information from the clients. In this way, the interviewer is able to gather information about some important aspects of the clients such as the reasons that made the client to come for the therapy. It is also possible in this case to understand the opinion of the client in terms of their view of the current problem a ffecting them, to what extent the problem is affecting them and finally, what they expect to gain from attending the service being provided. Here the relevant information needs to be collected but it should be as brief as possible. Similarly, it is important that the information being provided in this case to include any referrals that have been made to the client by others. in this interview, the interviewer made the subjective collection of information very effective and efficient since it only takes very little time. In the same way, the interviewer is able to gain information on the issues that brought them for the service, what they seek to achieve and the client also made it clear that she had been referred for the service by her younger sister. The objective summary in this case tries to gather the facts that are already known. The facts need to be identified from observations and the client should try to shed more light on the problem that they are facing in this case. Sim ilarly, it is also important that the client is assured of protection from the opinions and facts that they will discuss during the session. In the recording provided, the interviewer tries to remain neutral to the facts that are provided in the case. She does not make any form of judgemental calls or any form of labels. This improves the comfort of the client and she is able to open up more during the session. The interviewer also tries to push for facts to be developed during the session. She asks the client to try and provide information on the facts that she has been observing that are not normal. Some of the observable evidence that is collected in this case includes the fact that the client’s sister has seen change in her emotions and she encourages her to seek professional help. Similarly, the client also observes that her friends have been discussing her behind her back. This made her uncomfortable and she has of late been staying indoors rather than spending her leisure and free time with her friends. Similarly, since she was living far from her parents, they had grown distant with them and she did not have the courage to face them and inform them of their problems. So the only person in her life that she could share her issues with was her younger sister.

e-Business Essay example - 1536 Words

E-Business E-business is the largest emerging trend in business today. The movement into e-business is dramatically changing the way people buy and sell. Business is no longer a one for all concept, that concept is being replaced by a consumer economy that is driven by choice. These choices are not only in product and price but in shopping environment as well, where their transactions can take place face to face or in an online environment. Not only are traditional businesses completing their transactions with other businesses in such an online format, but such transactions are taking place between businesses and consumers as well as consumers to consumers. The following paper outlines some of the differences and similarities of each of†¦show more content†¦I have outlined some strengths and weaknesses of business to consumer e-business and the way it is affecting the relationship between the consumer and merchant using Amazon.com’s Virtual Retailing Model as an example. Virtual retailing involves the request for and closing of a transaction over the medium of the Internet, via a web page (http://www.cybersolve.com/retail.html). While the processing of the transaction, itself, is key to the existence of a virtual retailer, it is not the most important piece. The key to the success of a virtual retailer, according to Peter G. W. Keen, is the ability of that virtual retailer â€Å"to build strong customer relationships†. Amazon.com has by far been one of the most successful virtual retailers in building strong customer relationships. 70% of Amazon’s customers are repeat customers; this is no surprise when Amazon.com invests 20% of its revenue in attracting consumers and develops different techniques to â€Å"bond with the customers†, such as â€Å"My Amazon† (http://www.computerworld.com/home/print.nsf/all/990614AD62 ). Traditionally businesses had to locate themselves, plant themselves several times over inShow MoreRelatedBusiness-to-business and B2b E-marketplace814 Words   |  4 Pagesyou’re Big, You Can Be Your own B2B E-Marketplace. Question 1 :- Volkwagen operates its own proprietary B2B e-marketplace in which its suppliers participate. What are the disadvantages to Volkswagen of not using a generic B2B e-marketplace with even more suppliers? What are the advantages to Volkswagen of developing and using its own proprietary B2B e-marketplace? Answer :- The disadvantages to Volkswagen of not using a generic B2B e-marketplace with even more suppliersRead MoreCase Study : E Business Suite Essay2292 Words   |  10 Pages Content Introduction 2 E-Business Suite Architecture 3 Chronical Development of E-Business Suites 6 Integration needs it addressed as it was developed 6 Responding to new integration trends and technologies 7 Oracle’s E-Business integrated with SOA Gateway 8 Oracle’s E-Business Suite on the Cloud 9 Conclusion 10 References 10 Introduction Reading through the requirement of this paper there were several options to choose from. There are several companies that offer integrationRead MoreE-Commerce for My Business578 Words   |  2 Pages Based on my future reading from â€Å"The Relationship between E-Commerce Adoption and Organization Performance† , the finding is also quite similar with these journal by which it had stated that the click-and mortar firm should also applying e-commerce and determine the necessary areas that need to be re-engineered in the process to increase the firm’s performance. However, it had been recommended that future researcher should consider some factors in determining their research by which Mutia SobihahRead MoreMarketing and E-business1592 Words   |  7 PagesE-Business E-business is the largest emerging trend in business today. The movement into e-business is dramatically changing the way people buy and sell. Business is no longer a one for all concept, that concept is being replaced by a consumer economy that is driven by choice. These choices are not only in product and price but in shopping environment as well, where their transactions can take place face to face or in an online environment. Not only are traditional businesses completing theirRead MoreThe Success Of E Business1434 Words   |  6 Pagesremains a strong belief that e-business – with its resurgent potential for creating new transactional opportunities between firms, suppliers, complementary product/service providers and customers – will ultimately contribute significantly to the future performance of many established firms. A number of impressive examples come to mind: Tesco in the UK, Otto Versand in Germany, and Dell Computers and Cisco Systems in the US.1 For orga nizations such as these, e-business is more than a tool but partRead MoreBusiness Skills for E-Commerce6864 Words   |  28 PagesBusiness Skills for E-Commerce Group Assignment Executive summary The documentation is about the process of implementing an e-commerce solution for the Dinapala Group of company. As the first step of completion, a preliminary investigation has done about the selected organization in order to have a proper idea about the problem scope and the background. After identifying the circumstantial, organization’s core business functions have assesses under the outcome criteria of understandingRead MoreE Commerce Within A Business2134 Words   |  9 PagesE-Commerce within a Business E-commerce within a business refers to the commercial transactions of products or services which occur electronically over the internet, by implementing e-commerce into a business such as ‘iGadget’ will provide both advantages and disadvantages, however the majority of the disadvantages can be fixed over time and the progression of the ‘iGadget’ itself. Advantages †¢ 24/7 opening 24/7 opening is a strong advantage for a business as it allows for the sales of productsRead MoreEssay E-Business1680 Words   |  7 PagesE-Business 1- Abstract 2- About E-Business 3- Advantages and Disadvantages 4- The impact if e-business on a typical business 5- What a company must do to transform its strategy when it decides to transform into e-business 6- Conclusion 7- References Abstract There is a misconception that e-Business simply means buying and selling products and services over the Internet. The broader view of e-Business focuses on the key processes that directly enhance revenue Ââ€" namely, customer acquisitionRead MoreBusiness And Consumer E Commerce873 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Business to Consumer e-Commerce? Business to Consumer e-Commerce, also referred to as B2C, is the process of selling goods and services over the Internet rather than having a traditional brick and mortar outlet to sell such products. Businesses establish a website or electronic marketplace with multimedia catalogs, interactive order processing, protected electronic payment systems, while also offering online customer support which allow consumers to shop and purchase items in confidenceRead MoreE Commerce : Business Analysis1820 Words   |  8 Pagesbranches in 50 cities has consult Yana consulting for suggestions relating online business. This report is created for Board of Directors of TARDIS Travel containing detailed information about the way to regain the company s market share by conducting business online and remain to be competitive in to future. This report includes details about different type of E-commerce, information related to in-house and outsourcing business strategies that would be helpful in this competitive environment of travel

How Globalization Will Affect My Future Career - 1601 Words

Issue Analyses How Globalization Will Affect My Future Career Problem/Issue Definition With Globalization along with outsourcing, my career in life is going to change big time. More and more jobs are being outsourced to other countries every day. Right now America is a mountain compared to other countries meaning that we are more advanced industrially. As more jobs are being outsourced the more the metaphorical mountain is shrinking in height and growing in width. We can slowly add to our mountain by creating new jobs; though this will take a lot of time and change. The playing field is being flattened for America and in turn for me. Looking for a job in finance I’m going to have to work hard to get a good paying job. At the same†¦show more content†¦This must show that more jobs have been created that were not there before. Also, as I look around I’m a lot better off than people were 150 years ago. If I want something I can pretty much go buy it at any store, and I have a lot more time for play rather than work. My life in general is a lot better off, along with my standard of living. With all this said, it shows that outsourcing is only going to create more jobs that would be available to me, and can raise my standard of living. According to Jill Andresky Fraser, the authors of White Collard Sweatshop, things are not getting better for the working man. For the average working person we have to put in more hours and our paychecks are barely keeping up with inflation. On the other hand, many Chief Executives of large corporations’ income went from 1.8 million in 1990 to 10.6 million in 1998. That is an increase of 490% in less than a decade. â€Å"For many of today’s white-collar workers, plagued by overwork, deteriorating benefits, and too much stress, the boss’s salary has become an irritant they just cannot overlook†. â€Å"In 1998 Weill earned $168 million at a time when the bank planned to cut 5 percent of its workforce while reducing 401k pension, and other benefits†(18 8). This shows that there is more money being made while it is not going to the lower level workers, but to the upper level leaders in the companies. In thisShow MoreRelatedThe Future of Human Resource Management1104 Words   |  5 PagesThe future of Human Resource Management 1.) Introduction The field of Human Resource is one of the most challenging and dynamic areas for European managers. â€Å"Human Resource Management is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. Human Resource Management can also be performed by line managers†. Humane Resource professionals can make the difference between success and failure in anRead MoreIs Globalization Affecting Me?1536 Words   |  7 PagesSociology Sec VO1 4 October 2014 How is Globalization Affecting Me? Globalization is undoubtedly affecting me, both positively and negatively. The issues of globalization were something I was blind to. Not in a sense that I was being simple minded and not seeing the issue, but in a sense that I did not see that globalization was actually affecting my education and my life in a hazardous way. I realized that there are more constituents involved with globalization. It is not just the innovation ofRead MoreGlobalization Is A Process Driven By International Trade Through Various Countries Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization is one of the most influential process that affects our economies today through global communication, transportation technologies, foreign investment etc. It is a process driven by international trade through various countries. Defining globalization, globalization is the process of interaction and integration among the people, government, and business of different nations. Due to globalization, it allows different nations to interact and integrate with one another, also leading toRead MoreHong Kong Is A Modern Fast Paced International City Saturated With Skilled Workforce1325 Words   |  6 PagesThis provided a balance between both Western and Oriental cultures in the educational system of Hong Kong. However, since 1980s, globalization affected many places in some form on the society. Therefore, Hong Kong has spent a decade in reforming its educational system which gradually emphasizes more on technical subjects to keep up with the trends resulting from globalization. These changes are made to ensure the competency of Hong Kong’s society against the skilled workforce of other nations aroundRead MoreInternational Business : The Challenges Of Globalization963 Words   |  4 Pages Globalization nowadays is a very popular topic. With the rapid development of the economy, services and commercials trade between countries become more and more convent. The world becomes more and more like a globa l village. At the same time, it begins to have a deep influence on a company’s strategy plan which manager is involved in an international business market. In International Business: The Challenges of Globalization, I interested in PART 5 Chapter 2 Cross-Cultural Business. In my perviousRead MoreA Book On Economics Was Not Something That Was Pre Planned Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesMy venture on writing a book on economics was not something that was pre-planned. It was neither an attempt to extemporize on the current economic events that were taking place globally since the 2008 financial crisis. If it totally depended on my determination I would rather not have ventured into it, albeit the impregnable impulse to dive into it. There were unassailable challenges that delayed the project. Such experiences were a learning curve and added more quality to the work. This book isRead MoreIntegrative Studies : A Modern Day Collaboration Of Cultural, Diverse, And Intuitive Approach es1383 Words   |  6 PagesDefinition I would personally define Integrative Studies as a modern day collaboration of cultural, diverse, and intuitive approaches in understanding how individuals rationalize their thoughts and ideas when addressing and solving an issue or challenge. The collaboration of various applied theories and conducted research combine to find the underlying reasons for the occurrence of problems or issues. One must be able to dissect an issue or problem through multiple perspectives to find â€Å"hidden†Read MoreAmong The List Of Things For Managers To Consider When1300 Words   |  6 Pagesemployees is Geert Hofstede’s work in Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Hofstede’s work discusses the four â€Å"Value Dimensions† which include power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism, and masculinity and how these four aspects of national value systems play a critical role in influencing relationships between employees with different social values. As intelligent managers who wish to expand their businesses across many borders, they must be highly awareRead MoreThe Development Of The Economy Is Becoming More And More Important For Every Country1183 Words   |  5 Pages2015, P.76). That is also why lots of people enter the service sector suddenly. How is the salary, working conditions and union density? How high education needed in financial manager? How is be affected by external factor? These are all I need to explore for my future career. What is financial manager? In most firms, organizations or government agencies, they will have one or more financial manager. According to the career profiles website, â€Å"They supervise direct investment activities, financial statementsRead MoreWorld is flat Essay2930 Words   |  12 Pageswhat extent? Give reasons and explain your position? Answer: In my opinion, Friedman does an outstanding job of convincing me and the reader that the world is flat because of technology. Also, he is a fantastic public speaker and I was very intrigued by his theories on globalization. However, in his speech at MIT I did notice him say the words â€Å"plug and play† a lot as he was speaking to the audience. Therefore, my first thought was how are the people around the world being able to afford computers

Importance of Greek Burial Free Essays

The Importance of Burial in Greek Religion For the most part, the Greeks did not believe in a different afterlife for the good or bad—i. e. , no heaven or hell. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Greek Burial or any similar topic only for you Order Now In their view, the afterlife was almost universally grim; the important detail for the dead was whether they were buried or unburied. Those who did not receive proper funeral rites were doomed to wander by the river Styx, the entrance to the Underworld, for eternity; their souls could never be at rest. Thus, denying burial to a corpse not only insulted the body, but also damned his soul for all time. The buried were granted access to Hades, the name of both the Underworld and its king (who was also known as Pluto). In order for the dead to gain this access, a complicated ritual had to be performed. There were few ‘professional’ undertakers, so a man’s funeral fell to his family, especially the women of the family. They prepared the body for cremation, oversaw the collection of the bones and ashes and burial of the urn, provided the tomb with liquid offerings (libations), and led the mourning, a loud and violent process in which women tore their cheeks with their fingernails, ripped out their hair, and poured dirt over the heads and clothing. Mourning the dead was one of the few things women were allowed to do in ancient Greece, especially Athens. Women of well-born families were expected to stay at home in specially designated women’s quarters at all times except during certain religions festivals. Marriages were arranged by a girl’s father or guardian. Women were not true citizens of the democracy and could not speak or vote in the assembly. They were not even allowed to speak in court, a basic right for Athenian men. Burying and mourning their dead relatives gave women an opportunity to do something important for their families. It brought women to the fore and gave them a role to play. When Creon forbids burial of Polynices, he denies Antigone the chance to do one of the few important things society allowed women to do. Thus, he is attacking her identity, and that is a large part of the reason she opposes his orders. How to cite Importance of Greek Burial, Essay examples

Jobs In World Wide Web Essay Example For Students

Jobs In World Wide Web Essay In todays fast-paced world, the high-tech computer industry offers a unique opportunity for high-paying jobs. Many people start their careers much younger than I have, so consequently I have to search for a career in a field that will offer me adequate financial rewards in a limited amount of time. I started working with computers four years ago, upgrading systems, and increasing modem speeds to enable me access to the World Wide Web. I find programming to be the most interesting area of Computer Science; there is a subculture within this area that call themselves hackers. There seems to be a negative connotation with the word hacker. This is a misunderstanding because these programmers, who consider themselves to be hackers, are not the evildoers that the media portrays them as. Some misguided souls do attack systems for profit and pleasure, but these are usually the wannabe hackers; they are referred to as crackers or cyberpunks. True hackers do not waste their time with these type s of antics. It is similar to an artist who, instead of painting a beautiful picture, sprays profanity on a city wall. There are many misconceptions surrounding the artform of hacking. Computers have made our world and lives much easier. In the past, many jobs were done by hand. Computers have replaced calculators. Word processing is now much faster and more conveienent than it was when we had to use typewriters. Not only can we type and correct errors much quicker since it can be done on a computer, but we dont even have to type at all as a result of dictation software, which allows us to speak to our computers. Computers revolutionized our world. We can communicate through e-mail with friends around the world. Research on any form or type of information is readily and easily accessible through the Internet. Computers have opened doors to people all over the world that just twenty years ago were not even dreamed of. Through all this innovation computers are, nevertheless, electronic components. They can only do what man tells them to do. This is how Alan Gauld, a computer programmer, explains computers: The logical thinking comes into play because computers are in trinsically stupid. They cant really do anything except add single digits together and move bytes from one place to another. Luckily for us some talented programmers have written lots of programs to hide this basic stupidity. But of course as a programmer you may well get into a new situation where you have to face that stupidity in its raw state. At that point you have to think for the computer. You have to figure out exactly what needs to be done to your data and when (Gauld). Who are programmers? They are people who write the software, which runs the hardware in your computer. Without the software, computer systems would be electronic components incapable of performing any useful operations. There are types of programmers, who are called ?hackers?. In the early 1960s, university facilities with huge mainframe computers, (like MITs artificial intelligence lab) became staging grounds for hackers. At first, a ?hacker? was a positive term that described a person with a mastery skill of computers who could push programs beyond what they were designed to do. Todays ?hacker?, however, comes with a negative connotation. Eric S. Raymond reveals this about hackers:There are a bunch of definitions of the term ?hacker?, Most having to do with technical adept nests and a delight in solving problems in overcoming limits? There is a community, a shared culture, of expert programmers and networking wizards that traces its history back to the decades to the first time-sha ring minicomputers and the earliest ARPAnet experiments. The members of this culture originated the term ?hacker?. Hackers built the Internet. Hackers made the UNIX operating system what it is today. Hackers run Usenet. Hackers make the World Wide Web work. If you are part of this culture, if you have contributed to it and other people in it know who you are in call you a hacker, youre a hacker. .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 , .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .postImageUrl , .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 , .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676:hover , .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676:visited , .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676:active { border:0!important; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676:active , .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676 .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufa31b41a7be4d7bf5fbf07062583f676:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Human Rights EssayKim Kamondo elegantly explains it this way:The computer-cracking culture can be broken down into four basic groups. To the general public, the term hacker has come to mean someone who gains illegal access to a computer system. However, in geekspeak, the term has a very different definition. To insiders, a hacker is merely an avid computer enthusiast. These types often do gain access to systems theyre not supposed to, but they dont do it with ill intentions. Instead, the goal of the hacker is mental stimulation, much like fiddling with a Rubics Cube. The bigger the hack, the greater the bragging rights The most obvious troublemakers in this culture are ter med crackers. These are generally misguided people with some sort of anarchist bent. They delight in breaking into systems and fouling things up. Perhaps the most dangerous contingent of the hacker corps is the one you never hear about. These people arent interested in fame or intellectual stimulation. Theyre simply in it for the money. They hack into the computer systems at financial institutions, transfer money to different accounts and then vanish. Sound interesting? So why do we seldom, if ever, read of such exploits? The answer is simple: security. Financial institutions are very tight-lipped about such breaches, fearing that any publicity will only encourage copycat offenders. Theyd rather take the hit and deal with the matter internally than trigger a potential feeding frenzy among the hacker community. THE GOOD THINGS HACKERS DO.This may be a rather long quote but its difficult to explain the good things hackers do. I can say that hackers helped created the World Wide Web, o r I could go on to say that they test financial institutions systems for the safety of our funds.But to say they hacker has gone outafter pedophilesin the better many of the Internet needs to be quoted directly from the passage for the reader to understand. Some hackers have chosen to use their skills for the betterment of society. Theirs is a higher cause. Case in point: Christian Valor, a k a Se7en. Valor spent 17 years in the hacker underground, and for most of that time he dismissed reports of online kiddie porn as exaggerated claims by overzealous lawmakers. His suspicions were reinforced when in 1996, he spent eight weeks combing the Web for child pornography and came up empty-handed. Then he discovered chat channels and newsgroups that catered to pedophiles and other perverts. That was a rude awakening for Valor. In 1997, after discovering just how low his fellow Netizens could stoop, Valor made a vow to disrupt the online activities of kiddie porn peddlers in any way that he couldlegal or not. Of course, its highly unlikely that any child pornographer would cry foul to the authorities. And if someone were stupid enough to turn this Robin Hood-like figure in to the police, Valor says hes been assured by the Secret Service that theyd probably decline to take action on the matter. Valors first target in his new crusade was an employee of Southwestern Bell. Although the perpetrator took numerous steps to cover his tracks, Valor was able to determine that this fellow was using his employers computers as home base for his kiddie porn operation. Valor claims that several days after e-mailing the evidence to the president and network administrators at Southwestern Bell, he received a message back that the pornographer was no longer employed there. Valors crusade has led other hackers to join the fight. In fact, theres even a Hackers Against Child Pornography site that encourages others to take up their keyboards and modems against online kiddie porn peddlers. Combined with a couple of large-scale multinational child pornography busts that took place in 1998, maybe these cyberspace sexual misfits will think twice about their chosen lifestyle. In the battle against child pornography, one of the authorities best allies turns out to be hackers, the ultimate haters of authority. Although police wont acknowledge them publicly, some hacking groups informally assist law enforcement agencies in both technical training and evidence gathering. Computers and Internet Essays

Summery of Anarchist of Darwin Essay Example

Summery of Anarchist of Darwin Essay In a village; which is deserted far away from the main city, had a tragic news which buzzed around the village. The village was well known for its big ball of string made by a woman. It was heartbreaking for everyone to lose one of the famous artifact. This tragic was no ordinary accident, it was all set up. A non compose mentis lit the ball with gasoline in a silenced star night. The day broke out and a young man was standing near the unfortunate tragic. His name is Chris. Chris was an only child who lost his parents at early age. The village wasnt very favorable to Chris nor did he favor the neighbors. To consult about the further deed, all the people in the town were invited in a school gym. Different opinions struck through the gym about the ball but no one had agreed on the ideas so the meeting was postponed till the inspectors found some evidence. Chris silence broke when his childhood friend (Tank) dashed in with his wife (Meal). Tank was very disturbed about the event. Suddenly another person came to the conversation between Chris, Tank, and Meal. It was Buddy. Chris and Buddy never got along from grade school. Chris was a loner in a simple term. We will write a custom essay sample on Summery of Anarchist of Darwin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summery of Anarchist of Darwin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summery of Anarchist of Darwin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He never liked anyone from the village besides a young girl named Claire. Chris had affection about Claire which he cannot express. Every night Chris would wonder off to the park which was located very close to Claimers house. He would stare right through her window from a distinctive space and watch her change and or her working out. The only problem about Claim was that most of the night Chris would see a man walk out of her house, even Tank. This gave Chris a hypothesis that Claire Is a prostitute. Although Tank Is married, he Is like the person who would have sex with anyone besides man. After a week the police found some clues and called all the citizens to the same gym again. The police started talking about how the ball was set on fire and he referred the man who was up to this a loner, unhappy, perhaps a serious associative disorder. Perhaps a delusion? A man In the crowd broke the silence by saying Someone like our Chris then the gym echoed In laughter and suddenly It all became quiet. Another person In the crowd asked Yeah Chris where were you at that night? Chris became red hot and Claire tried to calm him down. Then he stood up and darted to giggle. He told everyone that he was the person who destroyed the ball because he hated It. HIS mother made the ball and the chemicals used to make the ball were very toxic which had killed her mother right at the finishing. Due to his mothers death, Chris old man started taking booze and found dead for over does of alcohol consumption. And he was very proud about how he made all the people come together about some bullish stuff. At the end of Chris speech, all the audience stared at him Like he was mentally challenged which Chris didnt believe. At that point Chris gave up on the whole damn world. Summery of Anarchist of Darwin By Naif-Naifs Chris a hypothesis that Claire is a prostitute. Although Tank is married, he is like the disorder. Perhaps a delusion? A man in the crowd broke the silence by saying Someone like our Chris then the gym echoed in laughter and suddenly it all became quiet. Another person in the crowd asked anemia Chris where were you at that night? because he hated it. His mother made the ball and the chemicals used to make the At the end of Chris speech, all the audience stared at him like he was mentally.

Aids in Africa Essay

Aids in Africa Essay Aids in Africa Essay Much Ado about Nothing is a comedy play set in a patriarchal time written by Shakespeare. It is based on deception, allusion and finally reconciliation. Don John causes and spread lies that the rest of the characters have to sort out but like most Shakespearean plays, it all end well. The nefarious character has been captured and the non-culpable characters have been righted. Benedick acts very obnoxious and whimsical in the first two scenes by being very immature and narcissistic whereas Beatrice acts very manipulative and witty. However in Act 4 Benedick acts completely different. Firstly Benedick is shown to be more mature in Act 4 scene 1: 'Surely I do believe your fair cousin is wronged' Here Benedick is trying to calm down Beatrice and for once is agreeing that Beatrice's cousin has been 'wronged'. This is very strange because throughout the play Benedick 'skirmish of wit' with Beatrice has involved him acting harshly but now he is acting as a manly figure, by trying to figure out what is happening and he is starting to convince Beatrice that Hero is innocent and that she should not â€Å"weep†. Another example is when Benedict asked Beatrice 'Is Claudio thine enemy'. Here, we can see that Benedick is more mature as he is making Beatrice see and act clearly because Benedick has to make sure what she is doing and that she doesn't react irrationally by asking Beatrice if Claudio is an 'enemy'. By calming and maturely he has started earning the love that Beatrice deserves. After he takes on the task to challenge Claudio, he acted very mature by telling to Beatrice to 'go comfort your cousin’; this is very affective because he uses an imperative. By doing this he is taking a leadership stance, his maturity is also displayed in his caring attitude as he directs Beatrice to look after Hero, who has been emotionally hurt by Claudio words. In contrast to this earlier in the play Benedick was a very immature buffoon by saying 'if signor Leonato be her father, she would not have his head on her shoulders'. Here Benedick is acting immature by insulting Leonato by saying Hero is not his daughter, this is a worse in Shakespearean times because you could not tell who was the father, so Benedick has insulted Leonato. This is very different from Act 4 scene 1 because he takes leadership and tries to work out what is really happening and who is to blame. In the 1993 version, Branagh adds to Benedick's presentation as being more mature through his reactions when Beatrice was crying. He raised his arms and held her back so Beatrice can calm down. This shows an increase of maturity as he takes on the role to calm Beatrice down to stop her acting drastically and the she will listen to him. Secondly, Beatrice is frustrating with her role is demonstrated in Act 4 scene 1: 'O God [†¦] I would eat his heart in the market place' Here Beatrice is using vengeful diatribe towards Claudio when she states that she would 'eat his heart'. This shows that Beatrice wants to get revenge from Claudio for being so nasty to hero and so she sees him as evil. Beatrice wants to complete this horrible task in the 'market place' so everyone can watch of what has become of the Claudio. Beatrice is showed to be frustrated with her by saying ' I cannot be a man with wishing; therefore I will die a woman with grieving'. Here we can see that Beatrice feels upset but she is helpless because she can't do anything about it because 'she will never be a 'man with wishing'. A man, like Benedick is very important to Beatrice because she wants vengeance for what Claudio has done but she needs Benedick to fulfil this task because being a woman she can only 'grieve'. She will never be a woman she will try and manipulate Benedick into duelling Claudio by stating 'Ah, how much might the man deserve of me that would right her'. Here Beatrice i s trying to manipulate Benedick into duelling Claudio cannot do it herself so she needs convince Benedick into the man that will deserve

Gender Preference in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender Preference in Nursing - Essay Example Descriptive (frequencies, means and SD) and nonparametric inferential statistics (Spearman correlation, Kruskal–Wallis test, chi-square and Mann–Whitney U-test – large sample z approximation) were performed on the data collected from the questionnaires. All data were handled using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 6†¢1 for the Macintosh. A result was accepted as significant if the probability level was This form of statistical analysis was implemented because it was the most practical for this type of research study. The analysis of variance model (or "ANOVA model") examines the association between nominal predictor variables (e.g., gender, experimental condition, whether or not treatment was received or not) and a continuous outcome variable (e.g., depression, health quality of life). The predictor variables are sometimes called "factors" or "independent variables." The outcome variable may be also referred to as the "dependent variable." The ANOVA model is a univariate model, in that interest is in how the predictors affect a single outcome variable. (Chur-Henson) Using the results that were obtained through this type of statistical analysis revealed that in both 1984 and 2000, no effects due to the respondent answering the nurse or doctor items first was found. Nor did the time or day on which the questionnaire was completed have any bearing on answers.

Children in the restaurant observation Research Paper

Children in the restaurant observation - Research Paper Example 1100: Tasha enters through the door and seems to be dragging her mum inside as though she cannot wait to have a taste of the delicacies served in the restaurant. She shouts, â€Å"I want French fries, mum I need those† as she points to one of the customer’s plates that is loaded with nicely plated brown French fries with strands of red ketchup. Just as expected, Tasha and her mum are both served, and they head for their seats. Tasha eats hurriedly while focusing all her attention on her plate and seems to care less about her mum seated right in front of her. Neither does she care about adding ketchup or salt to her food. 1105: Jean gets into the hotel with his mother. He does not seem to be in a hurry and stops at the door to watch the restaurant’s cowboy statue erected at the entrance. It is not until his mum drags him that he finds a seat opposite Tasha’s. He seems to care less about the food. His mum joins him with two plates of French fries, and they begin to eat. 1110: Tasha stretches her left hand to reach for a bottle of ketchup. Her mum mumbles a few words before she goes on picking her chips one after the other. Tasha seems reluctant to add ketchup to her half full plate of French fries. She gazes around aimlessly like though she had not noticed the presence of their customers in the restaurant before she finally squeezes the ketchup on her plate wastefully. Her mum seems irritated and grabs the bottle. 1115: Jean eats slowly but steadily. He is not distracted by the melee caused in the restaurant when a group of rowdy teenagers enter the premise. Jean only lifts his head for a moment as if to confirm his mum’s presence then resumes his slow but steady eating. 1120: Tasha seems a little distracted by the food on her plate and begins to play with the sticks of chips. She rolls her sleeves up and begins to rearrange the food on her plate as if to create some sought of artwork. She

Educational System In Cambodia Education Essay

Educational System In Cambodia Education Essay Education is very important means to train and build up human resources for development of each country and it is also important for development of child as person. However, educational system in Cambodia has suffered too much during Khmer Rouge Regime from 1975 to 1979. After that period, the government has tried to improve it by cooperated and collaborated with external aid and non-governmental organization (NGOs). According to the Cambodian constitution, it states that the state shall provide free primary and secondary education to all citizens in public school. Citizens shall receive education for at least nine years. Nowadays, though the pupils have no pay the fee, they still have to spend money on other things such as stationery, textbooks, contribution fee etc. Moreover, some provinces students are asked to spent money to teacher for fee; this is the problem that prevent pupil from poor families from attending school. About a half a million Cambodian children from 6 to 11 years old have no access to school, then 50percent of those who entered grade one dropped out of school and had to repeat the class. Those problems are caused by video games, karaoke and the presence of brothel for the students in city, and for female pupils, they could not attend school because of many problems. First, parents are poor, so they cannot provide children to learn and sometime they need their children, especially the girls, to earn money to support the family. Second, the schools are located too far away from their house. Only boy can go to school at some distance from home because they have given accommodation in pagodas near the school. The last one is some parents do not understand about the important of education, so they do not allow their children to attend school. Moreover, the ministry of education has not provided adequate education for minority children. Many children cannot access to school, and there is no provision for schooling in minority languages except for classes provided by private ethic associations. Not only that, there is insufficient special education provision for disabilities children. Even though some organizations co-operated with government to provide school for those, this effort is not yet enough. Then, the quality of education in Cambodia is very poor. Some schools in urban areas have around 60 to 80 students in each class, because there are not enough class for pupils, most schools operated two shifts or three shifts per a day that affect the pupils feeling to study . Other thing is that the limited skilled of teachers reduce the quality of educational system. Technical and pedagogical training for teacher is not up to standard yet. There are many teaching methods such as child-centered learning method has been taught to some teachers; however, teachers still follow the old teaching methods. The last point is the lack of commitment of teacher because they receive a small amount of salary (about $15 to $20 per month) that lead to the low motivation for teaching. Then, they need to find others job to supplement their incomes for survival. In fact, the national government budget allocation to Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport was only 10.3% in 1997 and increase to 12% in 1998, which is still very, in particular when compared to 52% for the defense sector. The government should pay more attention because this sector is the major sector for development the country. Government should provide the high salary to teachers, and build more school all around the country, and national budget allocation for education should be increased promote and facilitate the education to minority children and provide special school for disabled children and promote education for girls, raise awareness of parents about the advantage of education. Finally, the educational system in Cambodia has faced many problems that have to solve immediately. Those problems can be affected on development for country as well. Because of that, the government needs to collaborate or cooperate with international organizations. United Nations Organization is an international organization that aim are facilitating collaboration in international law, international peace and security, human right, economics development, social progress and achieving world peace. United Nations has many specialized agencies to operating the problems of member states. Those including UNDP, UNICEF, WHO, FAO and UNESCOà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.and so on. However, we only focus on three specialized agencies because these agencies are very important for development in developing countries. First, UNDP is the UN global development network. It promotes for change and connects countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people to build a better life. The specialized agency has countries offices in 166 countries, where it works with local government to meet development challenges and develop local capacity. UNDP administrator is the third highest ranking official of United Nations after the United Nations Secretary-general and Deputy Secretary-general, and its headquartered is in New York. UNDP is funded by voluntary contribution from member states. UNDP helps the countries to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). MDG is adopted by United Nations General Assembly to develop the poor countries in 2002. These priority MDGs countries are concentrated is Sub- African, Central America and Andes, Central Asia, and the part of Southeast Asia. Millennium Development Goals is related to poverty, primary education, gender equity, maternal health, child mortal ity, HIV/AIDs, malaria and other diseases, environmental sustainability and global partnerships for development. Second, UNICEF was created by United Nations General assembly on December 11, 1946 to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been destroyed by World War II. UNICEF provides long-term humanitarian and development assistance to children and mothers in developing countries. UNICEF support child health and nutrition, quality basic education for all boys and girls, access to clean water and sanitation and the protection of children from violence, exploitation and AIDs. In 1953, UNICEF became United Nations System and its name had shortened from United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund and its headquartered is in New York City. UNICEF fund is provided by voluntary contribution of government, businesses, foundations and individuals. Third, UNESCO is a specialized agency of the United Nations which established on 16 November 1945. Headquarter of organization is in Paris, with over 50 field offices and many specialized institutes and based in throughout the world. Its objectives is to contribute to peace and security by promoting international cooperation through education, culture, and science in order to further universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and the human rights along with fundamental freedoms declared in the Charter of UN. UNESCO pursues its objectives through five major programs: education, natural sciences, social sciences, culture, and communication and information. Projects sponsored by UNESCO include literacy, technical assistance, and teacher-training programs, science programs, the promotion of independent media and press freedom, regional and cultural history projects, the promotion of cultural diversity; international cooperation agreements to save the world cultural and natural herit age (World Heritage Sites) and to protect human rights, and attempts to bridge the worldwide digital divide. UNESCO in Cambodia has worked through with the local authority and NGOs. UNESCO focused on its activities through five major agendas such as education, culture, natural sciences, social and human sciences, and information and communication. First, in education, UNESCO has developed the policy and strategies for ECCE (Early Childhood Care and Education), introducing global level policy trend and innovative practices, and contributing to draft the policy on ECCE by providing advisory services. Moreover, UNESCO has improved on teacher education by providing policy framework and policy choices for developing teacher professional standards and appropriate measurement, designing incentives to motivate the teachers for better teaching and student learning, deploying qualified teachers to rural and remote areas. Then, UNSECO has focused on technical vocational education and training, HIV/AIDs prevention education, and education and planning management. As the chairs of educational sector wor king group, UNESCO has played an important role in facilitating well coordinated and professional response from the donor community to the demands of the education development and the request from government. The main partner in education of UNESCO is Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sport (MoEYS). UNESCO assists MoEYS for the formulation and establishment of national education framework and policy to outreach broader populations. A number of education policy are formulated with technical support from UNESCO and other development partners including: National Non- Formal Education Policy, the National Plan of Action for Non- Formal Education, the policy on School Health and policy on Education for Children with Disabilities, and National ICT (Information and Communication for Technology) policy and strategy. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are the international development goal which focus on eight problems such as eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, achieve universal education, promote gender equality and empower women, reduce child mortality, improve maternal health, combat HIV/AIDs and other diseases, ensure environmental sustainability, and develop a global partnership for development. However, in Cambodia, because of recognizing the major constraint to development is the continued contamination of mines and explosive remnants of war, the Royal Government of Cambodia added the de-mining and victims assistance as the ninth major development goal. Then, on the topic of the second goal of CMDGs, it is mention about Achieve Universal Nine-year basic Education that took root of the Education for all by ensure that all children will complete primary schooling by 2010 and Nine-year basic schooling by 2015. UNICEF in Cambodia has provided de-worming tablet to 95 percent of children in primary school. Moreover, UNICEF has supported the financial assistance for the salary of community preschool teacher in order to improve the preschool to all children. According governments statistics, the pre-primary school enrollment rate of Cambodians five year old in school year 2006-2007 was 27.7% including state, community, home-based, and preschool classes. Then, Cambodian government and UNICEF official maintain that early childhood development program have proved over and over that preschool encourages on time enrollment in primary school and improve academic performance. In sum up, those organizations are important for improving or promoting the all sector in Cambodia, especially in educational sector which is important sector for development. However, the government should contribute to promoting as well, so our country will achieve all goals early. Since you focused on the roles and frameworks of MDGs, UNICEF, UNESCO, you have known that those frameworks are suitable for improving the education in Cambodia. However, do these agencies and government can promise that they will improve or promote education well as they expect? According to the statistic from reports, the primary school projects have been complete successfully. In 2000, there are around 85% to 86% of children from urban area can attend school, and for the children in rural area, there are approximately 82% to 83% go to school, but the children living in the remote area can attend school only 60% to 63%. From one year to year, the numbers of attending school from those three areas are increasing gradually. In fact, in 2009, in remote area the children attend school about 90.3%. Surprisingly, the urban children which had the figure higher than others do not increasing dramatically as the rural area in 2000. Rural areas children go to school much more than the urban areas children, is 95% and 92.2%. Nevertheless, projects to promoting the secondary school is seem failed because the target of project predicted that about 65.3% in 2009 for the children attending secondary school, but in reality, there are only 31.9 for students attending school. By the way, gender disparities in primary school have been eliminated and regional disparities have also been eradicated. Then, the proportion of 6-14 years old out of school is stagnating. Based on the data from CMDGs, the flow of the line of graph is smooth from 1997 until 2003, but in 2004 the figures of the data is increasing from 18.7% to 19.81%. Nonetheless, the expected target is only 14.4% in 2008 for the out of school students, so it seems not go beyond as expectation. Literacy rates of 15 to 24 years old; therefore, in 1998 there is around 82%of literacy. CMDGs expected that in 2009, there would be about 92.1% for literacy, but in actual, there is around 87.47% for literacy because the line of the graph was increasing slowly. In sum up, education in Cambodia become better than before. Even so, those agencies need to improve or promote more because as you known, the education is the important sector for develop country. Then, in case education in Cambodia does not good, how could Cambodia improve or develop country well? After you have understood about the roles and frameworks, effect of the agencies, you can say that though they could not achieve all goals as setting, but they could improve or promote the education in Cambodia. As you can see, educational system in Cambodia has suffered too much during Khmer Rouge Regime from 1975 to 1979. After that period, the government has tried to improve it by cooperated and collaborated with external aid and non-governmental organization (NGOs). About a half a million Cambodian children from 6 to 11 years old have no access to school, then 50% of those who entered grade one dropped out of school and had to repeat the class. Those problems are caused by video games, karaoke and the presence of brothel for the students in city, and for female pupils, they could not attend school because of many problems. Due to these problems, the Cambodian government tries to pay attention on education systems because as mentioned before, education is very important means to train and build up human resources for development of each country and it is also important for development of child as person. If Cambodian people poor at the knowledge, how could Cambodia has been developed to become the strong country as the neighboring countries. Moreover, the IOs (International organizations) also pay attention on education sector as well. They try to encourage and collaborate with Cambodian government to improving the education systems. As mentioned, According to the Cambodian constitution, it states that the state shall provide free primary and secondary education to all citizens in public school. Citizens shall receive education for at least nine years. Then, IOs have also contributed to improvement as well. First, UNESCO has improved on teacher education by providing policy framework and policy choices for developing teacher professional standards and appropriate measurement, designing incentives to motivate the teachers for better teaching and student learning, deploying qualified teachers to rural and remote areas. Moreover, UNESCO has played an important role in facilitating well coordinated and professional response from the donor community to the demands of the education development and the request from government. Second, CDMGs is mention about Achieve Universal Nine-year basic Education that took root of the Education for all by ensures that all children will complete primary schooling by 2010 and Nine-year basic schooling by 2015. Third, UNICEF has supported the financial assistance for the salary of community preschool teacher in order to improve the preschool to all children. According governments statistics, the pre-primary school enrollment rate of Cambodians five year old i n school year 2006-2007 was 27.7% including state, community, home-based, and preschool classes. Then, Cambodian government and UNICEF official preserve that early childhood development program have proved over and over that preschool encourages on time enrollment in primary school and improve academic performance. In conclusion, some problems the state could not deal with by herself, so she needs the assistance from NGOs, IGOs, and so on. However, in case the states do not pay attention with those problems, the solution still cannot meet. As Cambodia, because the government and specialized agencies try to cooperate each other, the education system seem improve a little by a little. In my opinion, in future, Cambodia will decrease the rate of illiteracy from time to time.

Health and Social Care Act Essay

Legislation: Health and Social Care Act; the Medicines Act and The Misuse of Drugs Act. Guidelines could include the Nursing Midwifery Guidelines for the management of medicine administration – registered nurses have to abide by this set of guidelines and for paid carers, the General Social Care Council’s Code of Conduct will have something which could relate to medication. Policy – for example – consider the Government’s drive to ensure people with dementia are not over medicated – so their policy is currently designed to ‘push’ the professionals responsible for prescribing to bear in mind the effect of drugs on frail elderly people and to consider alternative treatments such as activities and therapies. Other examples of policy might be the Government’s drive to limit the prescribing of antibiotics to reduce the incidence of resistant strains of bacteria. Protocols – a protocol is a procedure and you could outline your company’s procedure (protocol) for disposing of controlled drugs or medication in general. 2- Know about common types of medication and their use. Antibiotics- The most common side effects of antibiotics affect the digestive system. These occur in around 1 in 10 people. Side effects of antibiotics that affect the digestive system include: being sick feeling sick diarrhea bloating and indigestion abdominal pain loss of appetite Ibuprofen- Ibuprofen can cause a number of side effects. For this reason, take lowest possible dose of ibuprofen for the shortest possible time needed to control your symptoms. Common side effects of ibuprofen include: nausea (feeling sick) vomiting (being sick) diarrhoea (passing loose, watery stools) indigestion (dyspepsia) abdominal (tummy) pain Antihistamine- Common side effects of first-generation antihistamines include: drowsiness impaired thinking dry mouth dizziness constipation blurred vision an inability to fully empty the bladder (urinary retention) Drugs like insulin (blood has to be taken from a pinprick so that glucose can be measured before the insulin can be given); warfarin to thin the blood – again blood levels must be checked regularly; digoxin to slow and steady the heart (pulse should be checked prior to administration and advice taken if the pulse dips below 60 beats per minute) Common adverse reactions might be diarrhoea (some antibiotics for example); skin rashes; nausea – through to serious adverse reactions such as anaphylactic shock (facial swelling, blistering of the skin, wheezing and hives) leading to total system collapse and (if not treated with adrenalin) death. The different routes of medication administration are orally, injection/intravenous, creams, and liquids. 3- Understand procedure and techniques for the administration of medication. The required information from prescriptions and medication administration charts are medication name, the name of the person the mediation is prescribed f or, dosage, frequency/PRN and medication strength. 4- Prepare for the administration of medication. Standard precautions for infection control would be hand washing, ppe for  example gloves and aprons etc. In a structured health care setting, medication would be administered to the patient or resident or client by a nurse, such as an RN or LPN – whoever was assigned to be the med nurse. In other facilities, medication is administered by persons with med cert’s (certification training to administer meds). It’s a very specific, precise duty. Meds are secured in locked rooms, areas, and carts. No one is allowed access except the med nurse or scheduled med cert. (person). Meds have to be administered in the correct dosage, which can only be according to a doctor’s prescription. Dosage cannot be altered unless a doctor alters or updates the Rx. The person administering the meds must observe the person they administer them to and ensure that they took them. Pocketing meds (in the cheek), or refusing meds are handled according to the person’s meds and orders. Sometimes it is marked as declined / refused meds. Sometimes, it is documented that they did not swa llow it initially and had to be encouraged, etc. or whatever happened according to the facilities guidelines. Meds are always, and must be, administered and documented accurately when they are administered (contemporaneously). Meds are prescribed to be given sometimes at certain intervals. If the med is a few minutes late, no one is to assume that it was already administered, and skip it. Likewise, if it is offered a little early and that is appropriate according to the order, the med, or the patient request, etc. and it is not documented correctly and contemporaneously, and a second dose is administered, assuming it is on time, and assuming falsely that it was not recently administered (upon request or whatever the circumstances were), then the patient would have been given an incorrect dosage, more than they were prescribed. You know that with some meds, that could be very a very serious overdose, sometimes terminal. They do try to put many checks and balances in place to prevent as much human error as possible, but it can happen. The consequences are usually pretty severe. A med cert would automatically lose their med certification, and they would be disciplined up to, and including, termination. With a licensed nurse, I’m not as sure of the procedure, but I’m fairly certain it would definitely include reporting the med error or  abuse, suspension without pay, an internal (or perhaps external) investigation, and disciplinary actions up to and including termination. Also, unauthorized access and theft of prescription medications – whether by the assigned med nurse, or an outside party, would automatically involve criminal charges. And of course, criminal charges are always a possibility in the other two scenarios I presented above for med certs and nurses, depending on the laws, the circumstances, and the outcome of the investigations. Like I said, very serious consequences. And it’s not like someone could just take a med and it could go unnoticed. med admin documentation is reviewed / audited at least daily, if not more often, and if someone was suspected of confiscating meds, such as narcotics, the building, in some agencies would go into lock-d own and staff could / would be subjected to a search.

The National Curriculum In Primary Schools Education Essay

The purpose of this assignment is to discourse the tendencies policy that took topographic point in primary instruction from 1988 and 1997. The assignment will get down with analyzing the principle behind the alterations introduced in those old ages. Then it will look at the alterations themselves. The last subdivision will speak about the advantages and disadvantages of those alterations. It should be mentioned from the beginning that I will non be adverting reforms related to secondary and higher instruction, even though they came at the same clip as the Primary schools. The term educational proviso refers to the usage of the equipment or tools with the purpose of supplying cognition and accomplishments, and includes things such as such as, schoolroom, text edition, chairs, pens/pencils and many more for pupils. Education is about the procedure of larning where cognition, accomplishments and information is transmitted. Yero ( 2002 ) believes that instruction is a process of bettering the pupils or students ‘ cognition, accomplishments and character. So instruction can assist to cut down inequality in society. In the United Kingdom, this construct of extinguishing inequality was at the base of alterations in instruction policy. Prior to 1988, instruction in the United Kingdom was wholly different. The determination of the course of study contents was in the custodies of schools, with spiritual instruction being the lone topic which was compulsory. This means that students had different attainment degrees due to following different programmes. Education was ruled by the 1944 Education Act which handed the disposal of schools and the preparation of school policies to local governments ; the lone exclusion being Section 1 where control and way of instruction were given to the Secretary of State. In fact, in the 1944 Education Act, the function of the Department of Education and Science was merely promotional and non one of giving way, which means they could non oversee local governments policies. This Act besides fixed the age of go forthing school at 15 and instituted free secondary instruct ion for all students. However it was noticed that the criterion attained in basic accomplishments by the UK population was low and hapless compared to other European states, and this could non fulfill the state national economic demands ( Department of Education, 2011 ) . To work out the job raised by the falling criterion, the Conservative Government came with the 1988 Education Act, sometimes referred to as the Kennet Baker reform which instituted a standardization of all school programmes, and brought four chief alterations with a position to conveying back the degree ( Young, 2008 ) . The first alteration was the debut of the National Curriculum, which defines four Key Stages, traveling from Key Stage 1 to Key Stage 4. In primary schools, two Key Stages, 1 and 2 were identified: Cardinal Stage 1 for Year 1 and 2 up to age 7 ; Key Stage 2 for Old ages 3 to 6, intending age 7 to age 11. Subsequently on, a Foundation Stage which concerns kids aged 3 up to reception twelvemonth was introduced. The National Curriculum came with a new nomenclature related to two types of school topics, nucleus topics and Foundation topics. In Primary schools, that is Key Stage 1 and Key Stage 2, the course of study consists of the undermentioned topics: English, Maths, scientific discipline, information and communicating engineering ( ICT ) , history, geographics, art and design, music, design and engineering ( D & A ; T ) and Physical Education. This was supplemented by the literacy and numeracy reforms in the 1990s taught everyday to better kids standard in those accomplishments. Another alteration in the course of study was the debut foreign linguistic communications for kids aged 7. This course of study was subsequently reconsidered for betterment. One advantage of National Curriculum is that all kids in England and Wales have the same instruction programmes, and this makes comparing of degrees easier and the transportation of kids from one school to another is made easy. Actually the national Curriculum contains all the subjects to be taught, in footings of cognition, accomplishments and outlooks at the terminal of each cardinal phase ; it besides determines how appraisal has to continue. The 2nd alteration had to make with appraisal of students. Here national criterion trials such as SATs at age 11 ( Standard Assessment undertakings, and subsequently Standard Attainment Tasks ) were put in topographic point, non merely to measure whether they are up to the national criterion expected, but besides to set schemes in topographic point to guarantee betterment in those kids larning. This led to the National Curriculum Council ( NCC ) as an consultative service to the secretary of State in affairs related to the course of study, and the School Examinations and Assessment Council ( SEAC ) in charge of appraisals. The 3rd alteration affected the disposal of schools. As mentioned above, prior to 1988, Education disposal was handled by local governments. In London, for illustration it was in the custodies of the Inner London Education Authority ( ILEA ) , which was created in 1965, while outer London schools were directed by county councils and borough councils. The Education Reform Act of 1988 gave power to schools to choose out of local authorization control and be funded by cardinal authorities, so that schools could pull off their ain fundss. The Local direction of Schools meant that the function of caput instructors included budget direction every bit good ( Powell and Edwards, 2003 ) . This was the beginning of Grant maintained schools, which were subsequently replaced by foundation schools. This led to the abolishment of the Local Education Authority. The forth alteration concerned the creative activity of a conference tabular array where people could travel and compare the public presentation of different schools. It was hoped that such a tabular array would force schools to vie, and hence supply better instruction to kids. InA 1993, another instruction actA came into topographic point. It aimed at increasing the figure of Grant Maintained Schools ; it replaced the NCC and SEAC with School Curriculum and Assessment Authority so that the course of study content could be controlled by the authorities ; more power was given to headteacher in their exclusion determinations of boisterous students ; alterations were introduced for students with particular educational demands ; and the constitution of referral units. An review organic structure called Ofsted came into being to inspect schools in LEAS. Finally the SCAA and NCVQ formed the QCA. In 1997, the Labour Government introduced another reform. The Government introduced specialist schools such as Business, Sport schools so as to diversify instruction and the types of schools. So making parents could hold a assortment of picks to do for their kids. Failing schools were reopened under academies administered by churches or concerns. In disadvantaged countries, the Government created Education Action zone in order to assist better instruction criterion in those countries. Parents were given power and a voice to make up one's mind on the pick of schools for their kids ; they were given power to be represented in the school regulating organic structure. Further, a system of exam conference tabular array was introduced where parents could easy descry schools that are making good, and those falling buttocks. Be it as it may, parents had the responsibility to guarantee that their kids attend schools. School support was linked to the figure of students a school had in its axia l rotation. The deduction was that schools had to vie to better their public presentation so as to pull parents and their kids, and therefore good support every bit good. This is termed the market reform introduced by Conservative authoritiess in the 1980 ‘s and 1990s, where schools were seen as a service and the parents and kids as the clients. As a affair fact, instruction should supply â€Å" valued signifiers of cognition † and fit kids for life ( James and Pollard, 2012 ) In the 1997 White Paper, Excellence in Schools, the rights of parents to information were extended including directing them the kid advancement one-year study, their portion in the review procedure, one-year meeting, leting them to hold entree to the kid ‘s school record. Schools were farther obliged to print an one-year study about their direction and a prospectus. Teachers were besides given power to keep students By so, making the authorities, say the Department of Education gained new power, because they are in charge of the school course of study, non the local governments any more, the types of trials to administrate to pupils, the types of makings to be awarded, the support to give to schools, the nomination of members of the National Curriculum Council to be after the course of study. The blessing of schools that want to choose out, the alteration of school position is given by the State Secretary, even though the engagement of parents should be sought for. He has the disposal of grants. The function of caput instructors besides changed as they became budget directors every bit good. The inquiry 1 might inquire at this point is to cognize whether those reforms were successful. Two positions can be expressed here. On the one manus, the debut of the national Curriculum should be appreciated, because it helps to hold kids expected to hold the same cognition and accomplishments. The trials would assist schools to work hard to better their consequences, and research has revealed that more people are now traveling to university. The conference tabular array gives a better position to parents as to which school is making better, so do an informed pick of schools for their kids. On the other manus, it would look that proving is non good plenty to measure the public presentation of schools, and larning should non be limited to go throughing trials. With the conference tabular array, instruction has turned into fixing students to go through tests, and non a readying for life. The conference tabular array has besides been criticised as it ignores some countries such as Art and athletics. Further, the conference tabular arraies make some schools more popular than others, and this raises troubles for some parents to acquire a school of their pick for their kids. Ball ( 2006 ) examined the constructs of markets in the context of instruction merely to happen that more demands to be discussed, and that such constructs as â€Å" competition, supply and demand, manufacturer and consumer behavior, denationalization and commodification, values and moralss and distributional results † should be references as there is a dearth of research in this field. In Primary schools, instructors complained of the increased work load imposed by the National Curriculum, particularly at the terminal of Key Stage 2 with the readying of SATs, and this lead to Dearing Report which brought the burden down by 20 % ( Alexander, 2012 ) . The system of review besides came into fire by assorted instructors brotherhoods who find the Ofsted as a job, non a solution. Another job concerned the debut of foreign linguistic communication learning at age 7. This raised jobs in a state such as the United land where secondary schools teach assorted linguistic communications, French, German, Spanish. So a kid could larn one linguistic communication in primary school and have a different linguistic communication in secondary schools. This means there will be no continuity as noted by the Guardian ( 2012 ) . The construction of Key Stage 2 has besides been criticized as it takes four old ages which the Model for the National Curriculum found excessively long ( DE, 201 1 ) . To reason, it can be said that there have been one chief Education reform Act, the 1988, and many instruction Acts of the Apostless from 1988 to 1997. The alterations in educational policies in those reforms can be regrouped in three classs: alterations to make with centralization, as instruction moved from local governments to the authorities with the debut of the National Curriculum ; appraisal by results with the usage of national appraisal and the constitution of league-tables to compare the public presentation of different schools, and the quasi-market reform where schools are the makers and kids and their parents as consumers who have picks to do between different schools. In primary schools, the reforms could be noticed with the debut of Key Stages 1 and 2, the national Curriculum with Maths, English and scientific discipline as nucleus topics, while others were considered as foundations and spiritual survey as statutory, the debut of SATs and the literacy and numeracy schemes.

The Constitution Of The United States - 940 Words

If the United States was a house, the Constitution would act as its framework. It was built by the trusting Founding Fathers who were given the task of ensuring that the structure was sturdy enough to withstand anything from attacks to overpopulation. Little did they know, America would grow expediently in size, population and diversity impacting the house they created. But as that home has changed, the framework has remained a building block for prosperity welcoming amendments and expanding in interpretation. The Founding Fathers were afforded with the luxury of planting the seeds of a system which would develop overtime into superior governmental authority greatly contrasting the feudal order which they fought against. The Constitution†¦show more content†¦In contrast to the vast authority given to states in the Articles of the Confederation, the Farmers wanted to give the federal government some practical authority in order to ensure a sound base. Federalism has transfor med since then but remains consistent in its goal of balancing state and national power. Today the cooperative relationship between the two can be described as more fiscal federalism. By way of categorical grants and block grants, national government works with state governments to ensure economic and political stability. The benefits of the Federalist system set up by the Founding Fathers are rampant. It allows for the practice of pragmatism and pluralism in a diverse and vast country via the linkage of local and state officials to their population granting them the ability to choose policies to solve local problems without the input of a broad national government. (Campbell) Additionally the system works towards the separation of powers by ensuring that state governments function independently even if the national government is fraudulent, states would still be able to operate. Moreover, Federalism favors political stability by taking power away from the national level in some an tagonistic issue areas and giving it to the local level also acting as a safeguard against tyranny. The Farmers Federalist ideology was and still is pertinent in